VRRP—Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol—enables multiple physical routers to appear as a single "virtual" router. Of the existing physical routers, one is always the "master". The master is the only router that establishes a data connection to the Internet, for example, and transfers data. The other routers only play a role when the master fails (e.g. due to a hardware defect or because its Internet connection is no longer available). Using the VRRP protocol, which is described in RFC 3768, they negotiate which device should assume the role of master. The new master completely takes over the tasks that were carried out by the previous master.
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